Most of the problems diabetic patients have with their feet are as the result of either nerve damage (neuropathy), infection or poor circulation and bone or joint deformity.
Deformities of the foot and trauma to the foot also play a part in causing sores and infections. Patients with diabetes may require specialised footwear to help accommodate the diabetic foot and prevent future ulceration formation.
Foot problems are a big risk in diabetics. Diabetics must constantly monitor their feet or face severe consequences, including amputation. With a diabetic foot, a wound as small as a blister from wearing a shoe that's too tight can lead to a lot of damage. Diabetes decreases blood flow, so injuries are slow to heal. When a wound is not healing, it is at risk for infection and infections spread quickly in diabetics.
When a diabetic foot becomes numb, it may be at risk for deformity. One way this happens is through ulcers. Small, unattended cuts become open sores, which may then become infected. Another way is the bone condition Charcot Foot. This is one of the most serious foot problems diabetics’ face. It warps the shape of the foot when bones fracture and disintegrate, and yet, because of numbness there is no pain, and the individual continues to walk on the foot.
If you have diabetes, you should inspect your feet every day. Look for puncture wounds, bruises, pressure areas, redness, warmth, blisters, ulcers, scratches, cuts, and nail discoloration. Get someone to help you, or use a mirror.
Contact our office immediately if you experience any injury to your foot. Even a minor injury is an emergency for a patient with diabetes. Diabetics should also see a podiatrist regularly for foot reassessments.